JULIA KEILOWA (née Ringel) born on July 16, 1902, in Stryj into a Jewish family, Julia Keilowa was a sculptor and designer, best known for her industrial forms, including the iconic Royal Applej sugar box, Sphere sugar box, and Double-Sickle Ashtray. She began her artistic studies in 1921 at the State School of Industry in Lviv, in the Department of Construction and Art. In 1922, she married Ignacy Keil...

KATARZYNA KOBRO born on January 26, 1898, in Moscow, Katarzyna Kobro was a sculptor best known for her spatial compositions and manifestos on modern sculpture. In 1917, she began her artistic studies at the School of Painting, Sculpture, and Architecture in Moscow. Then in 1920, she moved to Smolensk, where she taught sculpture at the School of Ceramics. The following year, she entered into a...

SARA LIPSKA born on December 7, 1882, in Mława into a Jewish family, Sara Lipska was a sculptor and designer, best known for her costume designs and spectacular interior decorations. Between 1904 and 1907, she studied sculpture at the Warsaw School of Fine Arts under Professor Xawery Dunikowski. In 1908, she gave birth to her daughter, Maria Xawera, with whom she moved to Paris...

LUDWIKA NITSCHOWA (née Kraskowska) born on December 6, 1889 in Radłów, Ludwika Nitschowa was a sculptor best known for her monumental works. She was the creator of two iconic representations of women in Warsaw: the proud Warsaw Mermaid and the contemplative Maria Skłodowska-Curie statue, which stands in front of the Radium Institute in Warsaw. She began her artistic studies in...